Wright is believed to have dealt mainly in Ecstasy tablets in the early 90s. Whilst remaining de jure UVF leader after he was jailed for murder, he no longer acted as the. In January 2000 UVF Mid-Ulster brigadier Richard Jameson was shot dead by a LVF gunman which led to an escalation of the UVF/LVF feud. [36] Catholic churches were also attacked. Some of them left much of Belfast without power and water. Fire engulfed the house next door, badly burning the elderly Protestant widow who lived there. The group is a proscribed organisation and is on the terrorist organisation list of the United Kingdom.[8]. [53] These men had overthrown the "hawkish" officers, who had called for a "big push", which meant an increase in violent attacks, earlier in the same month. April: Loyalists led by Ian Paisley, a Protestant fundamentalist preacher, founded the Ulster Constitution Defence Committee (UCDC) to oppose the civil rights movement. With a few exceptions, such as Mid-Ulster brigadier Billy Hanna (a native of Lurgan), the Brigade Staff members have been from the Shankill Road or the neighbouring Woodvale area to the west. [45], In 1974, hardliners staged a coup and took over the Brigade Staff. It comprises high-ranking officers under a Chief of Staff or Brigadier-General. [36] Catholic churches were also attacked. Welcome to Vieux Fort Airport (UVF-Hewanorra Intl.)! "BBC News Man held over East Belfast police murder bid", "Surge in Belfast violence blamed on resurgent UVF", "The Beast from East Belfast could put an end to flags violence right now but he won't", "East Belfast UVF: Mission Accomplished? [111] The UVF has also been involved in the extortion of legitimate businesses, although to a lesser extent than the UDA,[118] and was described in the fifth IMC report as being involved in organised crime. [72], On 12 February 2006, The Observer reported that the UVF was to disband by the end of 2006. [28], By 1969, the Catholic civil rights movement had escalted its protest campaign, and O'Neill had promised them some concessions. Along with the UDA, it helped to enforce the strike by blocking roads, intimidating workers, and shutting any businesses that opened. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. In Belfast, loyalists responded by attacking nationalist districts. Scores of houses and businesses were burnt out, most of them owned by Catholics. Another loyalist paramilitary organisation called Ulster Resistance was formed on 10 November 1986. The Military Reaction Force, Military Reconnaissance Force or Mobile Reconnaissance Force (MRF) was a covert intelligence-gathering and counterinsurgency unit of the British Army active in Northern Ireland during the Troubles.The unit was formed during the summer of 1971 and operated until late 1972 or early 1973. A controlled explosion was carried out and the bomb was later declared a hoax. It would continue these tactics for the rest of its campaign. F". [79], In 2008, a loyalist splinter group calling itself the "Real UVF" emerged briefly to make threats against Sinn Fin in Co. [24] On 21 May, the group issued a statement: From this day, we declare war against the Irish Republican Army and its splinter groups. [134] Like the IRA, the UVF also operated black taxi services,[135][136][137] a scheme believed to have generated 100,000 annually for the organisation. Officers from the PSNI's Paramilitary Crime Task Force also seized drugs, cash and expensive cars and jewellery in an operation carried out against the criminal activities of the UVF crime gang. The UVF's last major attack was the 1994 Loughinisland massacre, in which its members shot dead six Catholic civilians in a rural pub. Two members of the group survived the attack and later testified against those responsible. Veteran anti-UVF campaigner Raymond McCord, whose son, Raymond Jr., a Protestant, was beaten to death by UVF men in 1997, estimates the UVF has killed more than thirty people since its 1994 ceasefire, most of them Protestants. [citation needed] The arms were divided between the UVF, the UDA (the largest loyalist group) and Ulster Resistance.[61]. [35], In January 1970, the UVF began bombing Catholic-owned businesses in Protestant areas of Belfast. [72], On 12 February 2006, The Observer reported that the UVF was to disband by the end of 2006. [73], On 2 September 2006, BBC News reported the UVF might be intending to re-enter dialogue with the Independent International Commission on Decommissioning, with a view to decommissioning of their weapons. It claimed the pubs were used for republican fundraising. In February it began to target critics of militant loyalism the homes of MPs Austin Currie, Sheelagh Murnaghan, Richard Ferguson and Anne Dickson were attacked with improvised bombs. He was the first RUC officer to be killed during the Troubles. Henry MacDonald and Jim Cusack provide a fascinating insight into the UVF's origins, growth and decline. [43] Jackson was allegedly the hitman who shot Hanna dead outside his home in Lurgan. [37], The IRA had split into the Provisional IRA and Official IRA in December 1969. This was a general strike in protest against the Sunningdale Agreement, which meant sharing political power with Irish nationalists and the Republic having more involvement in Northern Ireland. Two of those later convicted (James McDowell and Thomas Crozier) were also serving members of the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR), a part-time, locally recruited regiment of the British Army. Carson and Craig, supported by some English Conservative politicians . Its first leader was Gusty Spence, a former British Army soldier from Northern Ireland.The group undertook an armed campaign of almost thirty years during The Troubles.It declared a ceasefire in 1994 and officially ended its campaign in 2007, although some of its members have . Two UVF members, Harris Boyle and Wesley Somerville, were accidentally killed by their own bomb while carrying out this attack. (Thesis 2017). On Tuesday, four men were each sentenced to a minimum of 15 years in prison for the murder of Colin Horner in Bangor in May 2017. Uvf members list 2020 tt mm gw ux dk tb kp pg ru co cg wq ki xl sw mb vr kk tl bg qu sj we we wu as bx cq fb ki ru nv wh de xy ic On 7 May 1966, loyalists petrol bombed a Catholic-owned pub in the loyalist Shankill area of Belfast. [74], On 3 May 2007, following recent negotiations between the Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) and Irish Taoiseach Bertie Ahern and with Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) Chief Constable Sir Hugh Orde, the UVF made a statement that they would transform to a "non-military, civilianised" organisation. From late 1975 to mid-1977, a unit of the UVF dubbed the Shankill Butchers (a group of UVF men based on Belfast's Shankill Road) carried out a series of sectarian murders of Catholic civilians. The damage from security service informers started in 1983 with "supergrass" Joseph Bennett's information, which led to the arrest of fourteen senior figures. They were blamed by the PSNI on members of the UVF, who also said UVF guns had been used to try to kill police officers. Some of them left much of Belfast without power and water. pytorch named_parameters grad; dr joel fuhrman net worth. [37], In December 1969 the IRA had split into the Provisional IRA and Official IRA. [89] The UVF leader in East Belfast, who is popularly known as the "Beast of the East" and "Ugly Doris" also known as by real name Stephen Matthews, ordered the attack on Catholic homes and a church in the Catholic enclave of the Short Strand. "UVF Rule Out Jackal Link To Murder". The UVF spurned the government efforts however and continued killing. [9] Whenever it claimed responsibility for its attacks, the UVF usually claimed that those targeted were IRA members or IRA sympathisers. The UVF's leadership is based in Belfast and known as the Brigade Staff. [28], By 1969, the Catholic civil rights movement had escalated its protest campaign, and O'Neill had promised them some concessions. [55] The hawks had been ousted by those in the UVF who were unhappy with their political and military strategy. "[97], In June 2017, Gary Haggarty, former UVF commander for north Belfast and south-east Antrim, pleaded guilty to 200 charges, including five murders. [115] They always signed their statements with the fictitious name "Captain William Johnston". [79], In 2008, a loyalist splinter group calling itself the "Real UVF" emerged briefly to make threats against Sinn Fin in County Fermanagh. Thirty-three people were killed and almost 300 injured. [139] In 2002 the House of Commons Northern Ireland Affairs Committee estimated the UVF's annual running costs at 12 million per year, against an annual fundraising capability of 1.5 million. The UVF was also clashing with the UDA in the summer of 2000. On 18 June 1994, UVF members machine-gunned a pub in the Loughinisland massacre in County Down, on the basis that its customers were watching the Republic of Ireland national football team playing in the World Cup on television and were therefore assumed to be Catholics. For the fourth year, UVF was included on the list of Top Performers on. There was much overlap in membership between the UCDC/UPV and the UVF. [46] Some of the new Brigade Staff members bore nicknames such as "Big Dog" and "Smudger". The group had been proscribed in July 1966, but this ban was lifted on 4 April 1974 by Merlyn Rees, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, in an effort to bring the UVF into the democratic process. They shot John Scullion, a Catholic civilian, as he walked home. Ulster loyalist paramilitary group formed in 1965, For the original Ulster Volunteer Force, see, Aaron Edwards - UVF: Behind the Mask pp. John Graham (loyalist) Ulster Volunteer Force member. Way too many job House of Commons: Northern Ireland Affairs Committee, Cusack & McDonald, p.3435, 105, 199, 205, The Lost Lives, David McKittrick, Page 1475, Timeline of Ulster Volunteer Force actions, protests throughout Northern Ireland, some of which became violent, Provisional IRA campaign 1969-1997 Loyalists and the IRA killing and reprisals, Republic of Ireland national football team, Independent International Commission on Decommissioning, "Report drawn up on behalf of the Political Affairs Committee on the situation in Northern Ireland", https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TfGe4WO8yok, "Sutton Index of Deaths: Organisation responsible for the death", "Sutton Index of Deaths: Crosstabulations", "Inside the UVF: Money, murders and mayhem - the loyalist gang's secrets unveiled", "UVF mural on Shankill Road being investigated by police", "UVF 'behind racist attacks in south and east Belfast'", Chronology of Key Events in Irish History, 1800 to 1967, "Irish tighten security after Dublin bombing", "Call for probe of British link to 1974 bombs", "Collusion in the South Armagh / Mid Ulster Area in the mid-1970's". It declared a ceasefire in 1994, although sporadic attacks continued until it officially ended its armed campaign in May 2007. [117] Members were trained in bomb-making, and the organisation developed home-made explosives. Job Details. [29] Unionist support for O'Neill waned, and on 28 April he resigned as Prime Minister. (False)The UVF's goal was to combat Irish republicanism particularly the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) and maintain Northern Ireland's status as part of the United Kingdom. too many Its main benefactors have been in central Scotland,[121] Liverpool,[122] Preston[122] and the Toronto area of Canada. "The Dublin and Monaghan bombings: Cover-up and incompetence". ][102] On 11 April, the UVF reportedly ordered the removal of Catholic families from a housing estate in Carrickfergus. Ulster Division of the New army. This development came soon after the UVF's Brigade Staff in Belfast had stood down Wright and the Portadown unit of the Mid-Ulster Brigade, on 2 August 1996, for the killing of a Catholic taxi driver near Lurgan during Drumcree disturbances. [128], The UVF have been implicated in drug dealing in areas from where they draw their support. [60], In the 1980s, the UVF was greatly reduced by a series of police informers. Senior members of the UVF, including Gusty Spence and Billy Mitchell, told him the group was formed in the mid-1960s by elements in the right wing of the unionist party, to bring down Terence O. [64] Republicans responded to the attacks by assassinating senior UVF members John Bingham, William "Frenchie" Marchant and Trevor King[65] as well as Leslie Dallas, whose purported UVF membership was disputed both by his family and the UVF. [58][59][98] Graham has held the position since he assumed office in 1976. This is a timeline of actions by the Ulster Volunteer Force ( UVF ), an Ulster loyalist paramilitary group since 1966. [58], The UVF's nickname is "Blacknecks", derived from their uniform of black polo neck jumper, black trousers, black leather jacket, black forage cap, along with the UVF badge and belt. [citation needed]. [26], On 26 June, the group shot dead a Catholic civilian and wounded two others as they left a pub on Malvern Street, Belfast. More militant members of the UVF who disagreed with the ceasefire, broke away to form the Loyalist Volunteer Force (LVF), led by Billy Wright. Since the ceasefire, the UVF has been involved in rioting, drug dealing, organised crime, loan-sharking and prostitution. 30 June 2002. The first Independent Monitoring Commission report in April 2004 described the UVF/RHC as "relatively small" with "a few hundred" active members "based mainly in the Belfast and immediately adjacent areas". [58][59][105] Graham has held the position since he assumed office in 1976. [49] A political wing was formed in June 1974, the Volunteer Political Party led by UVF Chief of Staff Ken Gibson, which contested West Belfast in the October 1974 General Election, polling 2,690 votes (6%). Formed in 1965, it first emerged in 1966. Jim Hanna (1973 - April 1974) [102] Hanna . Known IRA men will be executed mercilessly and without hesitation. The suspect's girlfriend told the PSNI that the list came from the home of a local UVF leader, but no one was charged in connection with the document. His killing has been blamed on members of the UVF. This gang was led by Lenny Murphy. From late 1975 to mid-1977, a unit of the UVF dubbed the Shankill Butchers (a group of UVF men based on Belfast's Shankill Road) carried out a series of sectarian murders of Catholic civilians. Their weapons stock-piles are to be retained under the watch of the UVF leadership. of which I have been speaking. Formed in 1965,[7] it first emerged in 1966. [27] Spence appointed Samuel McClelland as UVF Chief of Staff in his stead. uvf members list Text Size:side effects of wearing incorrect glassesnh state police logs 2021 Call us at (858) 263-7716 4241 Jutland Dr #202, San Diego, CA 92117 Home Our Practice Services What to expect What to expect First visit FAQ Our Practice Why? [67] According to Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN), the UVF killed 17 active and four former republican paramilitaries. The evidence could have implicated the senior mid-Ulster Ulster Volunteer Force member in the targeting of Catholics. [21] The shootings led to Spence's being sentenced to life imprisonment with a recommended minimum sentence of twenty years. In response to events in Derry, nationalists held protests throughout Northern Ireland, some of which became violent. 206, 207, Ed Moloney, Secret History of the IRA, p.321, "Voices From the Grave:Two Men's War in Ireland" Ed Moloney, Faber & Faber, 2010 pp 417. [61], The UVF received large numbers of Sa vz. [90], During the Belfast City Hall flag protests of 2012 2013, senior UVF members were confirmed to have actively been involved in orchestrating violence and rioting against the PSNI and the Alliance Party throughout Northern Ireland during the weeks of disorder. Serves as a full-time certified pharmacy technician.Responsible for operating pharmacy systems to obtain patient . Although O'Neill was a unionist, they saw him as being too 'soft' on the civil rights movement and too friendly with the Republic of Ireland. The Irish parliament's Joint Committee on Justice called the bombings an act of "international terrorism" involving the British security forces. The gunmen shot dead six people and injured five. [29] Unionist support for O'Neill waned, and on 28 April he resigned as Prime Minister. The weapons were Palestine Liberation Organisation arms captured by the Israelis and sold to Armscor, the South African state-owned company which, in defiance of a 1977 United Nations arms embargo, set about making South Africa self-sufficient in military hardware. Thousands of families, mostly Catholics, were forced to flee their homes and refugee camps were set up in the Republic of Ireland. Mr Jameson's murder has been linked to a long-standing loyalist feud in mid-Ulster, involving members of the LVF and UVF. Referring to its activity in the early and mid-1970s, journalist Ed Moloney described no-warning pub bombings as the UVF's "forte". The chip shop has since been closed down. tippah county news. The Independent Monitoring Commission was highly critical of the leadership for having condoned and even sanctioned the attack, in contrast to praise bestowed on the Brigade Staff for a moderating influence during the marching season. [154] It was around this time that Sunday World journalists Martin O'Hagan and Jim Campbell coined the term "rat pack" for the UVF's murderous mid-Ulster unit and, unable to identify Wright by name for legal reasons, they christened him "King Rat." All were widely blamed on the IRA, and British soldiers were sent to guard installations. page 1. [30] There were bombings on 30 March, 4 April, 20 April, 24 April and 26 April. [18][19] Some members have also been found responsible for orchestrating a series of racist attacks. They managed to procure a large cache of weapons and ammunition including L1A1 Self-Loading Rifles, Browning pistols, and Sterling submachine guns. The shooting raised questions over the future of the PUP. [22] The group called itself the "Ulster Volunteer Force" (UVF), after the original UVF of the early 20th century. [92], During the Belfast City Hall flag protests of 201213, senior UVF members were confirmed to have actively been involved in orchestrating violence and rioting against the PSNI and the Alliance Party throughout Northern Ireland during the weeks of disorder. During 1970, 42 Catholic-owned licensed premises in Protestant areas were bombed. House of Commons: Northern Ireland Affairs Committee, Cusack & McDonald, p.34-35, 105, 199, 205, Ulster Loyalist Central Co-ordinating Committee, Articles with dead external links from November 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Proscribed paramilitary organisations in Northern Ireland, Organizations designated as terrorist in Europe, Timeline of Ulster Volunteer Force actions, protests throughout Northern Ireland, some of which became violent, Provisional IRA campaign 1969-1997#Loyalists and the IRA killing and reprisals, "CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths: Organisation responsible for the death", http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/tables/Organisation_Responsible.html, CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths: Crosstabulation, http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/david-mckittrick-will-loyalists-seek-bloody-revenge-1643076.html, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/angry-men-at-an-ulster-crossroads-1308322.html, Chronology of Key Events in Irish History, 1800 to 1967, http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch69.htm, "Irish tighten security after Dublin bombing", "Call for probe of British link to 1974 bombs", Death Squad Dossier, Irish Mail on Sunday by Michael Browne, 10 December 2006, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6619417.stm. The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is a loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland. Mitchell, Thomas G (2000). The first British soldier to be killed by the Provisional IRA died in February 1971. The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is an Ulster loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland. [22] Spence later wrote "At the time, the attitude was that if you couldn't get an IRA man you should shoot a Taig, he's your last resort". [85][86], On 2526 October 2010, the UVF was involved in rioting and disturbances in the Rathcoole area of Newtownabbey with UVF gunmen seen on the streets at the time. The damage from security service informers started in 1983 with "supergrass" Joseph Bennett's information which led to the arrest of fourteen senior figures. [87] The UVF leader in East Belfast, who is popularly known as the "Beast of the East" and "Ugly Doris" also known as by real name Stephen Matthews, ordered the attack on Catholic homes and a church in the Catholic enclave of the Short Strand. From that time until the early 1990s, the Mid-Ulster Brigade was led by Robin "the Jackal" Jackson, who then passed the leadership to Billy Wright. These included the Miami Showband killings of 31 July 1975 when three members of the popular showband from the Republic of Ireland were killed having been stopped at a fake British Army checkpoint outside of Newry in County Down. The report added that individuals, some current and some former members, in the group have, without the orders from above, continued to "localised recruitment", and although some continued to try and acquire weapons, including a senior member, most forms of crime had fallen, including shootings and assaults. Director: Oliver Hirschbiegel | Stars: Liam Neeson, James Nesbitt, Anamaria Marinca, Mark Ryder. The UVF very clearly have involvement in drug dealing, all forms of gangsterism, serious assaults, intimidation of the community." Its first leader was Gusty Spence, a former British soldier. [128] Information regarding the role of women in the UVF is limited. Such retaliation was seen as both collective punishment and an attempt to weaken the IRA's support; it was thought that 'fear of retaliation' would make the Catholic community rein in the IRA. We are heavily armed Protestants dedicated to this cause. It was alleged that Colin Armstrong had links to both drugs and loyalist terrorists. This move came as the organisation held high-level discussions about its future. [105] Historically, the number of active UVF members in July 1971 was stated by one source to be no more than 20. [36] It also continued its attacks in the Republic of Ireland, bombing the Dublin-Belfast railway line, an electricity substation, a radio mast, and Irish nationalist monuments. [47] Beginning in 1975, recruitment to the UVF, which until then had been solely by invitation, was now left to the discretion of local units.[48]. The UVF made strenuous efforts to enrol its members and in many places the RIC openly appealed to UVF members to join. This move comes as the organisation holds high level discussions about their future. nurse practitioner specializations canada; sourate taha bienfaits; yesterday poem by patricia pogson analysis kettering crematorium list of funerals today how to improve finishing in football 113 market street louisburg nc 27549. herb brooks speech before gold medal game brotherhood mutual vs church mutual st dominic school website jackie mahood uvf members list. 58 assault rifles in the 1980s. [74], On 3 May 2007, following recent negotiations between the Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) and Irish Taoiseach Bertie Ahern and with Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) Chief Constable Sir Hugh Orde, the UVF made a statement that they would transform to a "non-military, civilianised" organisation. [63], The UVF also attacked republican paramilitaries and political activists. The report added that individuals, some current and some former members, in the group have, without the orders from above, continued to "localised recruitment", and although some continued to try and acquire weapons, including a senior member, most forms of crime had fallen, including shootings and assaults. Mark Davenport from the BBC has stated that he spoke to a drug dealer who told him that he paid Billy Wright protection money. The group's volunteers undertook an armed campaign of almost thirty years during The Troubles. It issued a statement vowing to "remove republican elements from loyalist areas" and stop them "reaping financial benefit therefrom". The gang comprised, in addition to the UVF, rogue elements of the UDR, RUC, SPG, and the regular Army, all acting allegedly under the direction of the British Intelligence Corps and/or RUC Special Branch. Its first leader was Gusty Spence, a former British Army soldier from Northern Ireland. [citation needed] The feud between the UVF and the LVF erupted again in the summer of 2005. [99][100], On 4 March 2021, the UVF, Red Hand Commando and UDA renounced their current participation in the Good Friday Agreement. Ontario is to Ulster Protestants what Boston is to Irish Catholics." [49] A political wing was formed in June 1974, the Volunteer Political Party led by UVF Chief of Staff Ken Gibson, which contested West Belfast in the October 1974 general election, polling 2,690 votes (6%). Assistant chief constable Drew Harris in a statement said "The UVF are subject to an organised crime investigation as an organised crime group. [29], On 12 October, a loyalist protest in the Shankill became violent. Ulster Volunteer Force members William Smith (loyalist) Loyalist former paramilitary and politician. This was a large, three-day riot between Irish nationalists and the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC). Article from The People (London, England). Less extreme measures will be taken against anyone sheltering or helping them, but if they persist in giving them aid, then more extreme methods will be adopted we solemnly warn the authorities to make no more speeches of appeasement. The Irish Army set up field hospitals near the border. The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is an Ulster loyalist paramilitary group. [75] This was to take effect from midnight. "Overstating and Misjudging the Prospects of Civil War: The Ulster Volunteer Force and the Irish Volunteers in the Home Rule Crisis, 19121914." Noted for secrecy and a policy of limited, selective membership,[1][2][3][4][5] the UVF's declared goals were to combat Irish republicanism particularly republican paramilitaries, and to maintain Northern Ireland's status as part of the United Kingdom. page 1. http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/politics/docs/imc/imc200404.pdf, http://www.vilaweb.cat/media/attach/vwedts/docs/op_banner_analysis_released.pdf, http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/politics/docs/imc/imc240505.pdf, http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/article2187547.ece, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/4379973.stm, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/4244082.stm, http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/organ/porgan.htm, CAIN University of Ulster Conflict Archive, May 1966 present (ended armed campaign in May 2007), Unnamed Chief of Staff (1974 October 1975). When the Assets Recovery Agency won a High Court order to seize luxury homes belonging to ex-policeman Colin Robert Armstrong and his partner Geraldine Mallon in 2005, Alan McQuillan said "We have further alleged Armstrong has had links with the UVF and then the LVF following the split between those organisations." Until recent years,[12] it was noted for secrecy and a policy of limited, selective membership. It would attack the Republic again in May 1974, during the two-week Ulster Workers' Council strike. [131][132] This activity has been described as its preferred source of funds in the early 1970s,[133] and it continued into the 2000s, with the UVF in County Londonderry being active. After the Troubles began, an Orange-Canadian loyalist organization known as the Canadian Ulster Loyalist Association (CULA) sprang to life to provide the 'besieged' Protestants with the resources to arm themselves. Both pubs were wrecked and a number of people were wounded. More militant members of the UVF, led by Billy Wright who disagreed with the ceasefire, broke away to form the Loyalist Volunteer Force (LVF). According to the Belfast Telegraph, "70 separate police intelligence reports implicating the north Belfast UVF man in dealing cannabis, Ecstasy, amphetamines and cocaine. "[129], According to Alan McQuillan, the assistant director of the Assets Recovery Agency in 2005, "In the loyalist community, drug dealing is run by the paramilitaries and it is generally run for personal gain by a large number of people." [21] Spence later wrote "At the time, the attitude was that if you couldn't get an IRA man you should shoot a Taig, he's your last resort". [68], According to journalist and author Ed Moloney, the UVF campaign in Mid-Ulster in this period "indisputably shattered Republican morale", and put the leadership of the republican movement under intense pressure to "do something",[69] although this has been disputed by others.[who?]. Whilst remaining de jure UVF leader after he was jailed for murder, he no longer acted as Chief of. Two UVF men were accidentally blown up in this attack. The UVF agreed to a ceasefire in October 1994. The new Brigade Staff's aim was to carry out attacks against known republicans rather than Catholic civilians. In June, nine UVF members were convicted of the attacks. It was formed in late 1965 or early 1966 and named after the Ulster Volunteers of the early twentieth century. [108], The UVF's stated goal was to combat Irish republicanism particularly the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) and maintain Northern Ireland's status as part of the United Kingdom. In 1990, the UVF joined the Combined Loyalist Military Command (CLMC) and indicated its acceptance of moves towards peace. [105] Members were disciplined after they carried out an unsanctioned theft of 8 million of paintings from an estate in Co Wicklow in April 1974. 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