The operation was codenamed "Project Iceworm," but operated under a cover research project called "Camp Century.". Weiner, Tim. [68], In July 2014 CIA Director John O. Brennan had to apologize to lawmakers because five CIA employees (two lawyers and three computer specialists) had surreptitiously searched Senate Intelligence Committee files and reviewed some committee staff members' e-mail on computers that were supposed to be exclusively for congressional investigators. Kinzer writes that MKUltra's use of mescaline on unwitting subjects was a practice that Nazi doctors had begun in the camps at Auschwitz and Dachau. Olson, a United States Army biochemist and biological weapons researcher, was given LSD without his knowledge or consent in November 1953, as part of a CIA experiment, and died by suicide by jumping out of a 13th-story window a week later. The intense secrecy surrounding the base sparked peoples' imaginations, and Area 51 was commonly linked to paranormal activities, including pervasive theories that suggested Area 51 hid aliens and UFOs. [29] Whether or not the physicians were compelled is an open question. On September 20, 1996, the Pentagon released to the public seven training manuals prepared by the U.S. military and used between 1987 and 1991 for intelligence training courses in Latin America and at the U.S. Army School of the Americas (SOA). Later, From left: William Picketing, James Van Allen, and German scientist Wernher von Braun brandish a model of the first American satellite Explorer 1, on January 31, 1958. [68], During this era, Cameron became known worldwide as the first chairman of the World Psychiatric Association as well as president of both the American Psychiatric Association and the Canadian Psychiatric Association. Reilly, Edward C. "Ken Kesey." [86] The medical examiner termed Olson's death a "homicide". In 1998, the National Security Archive (NSA) a non-governmental organization that publishes information made available through the Freedom of Information Act posted declassified documents related to Operation Northwoods. Wernher von Braun, who helped get us on the moon in 1969. [26][27] Its aim was to develop mind-controlling drugs for use against the Soviet bloc in response to alleged Soviet, Chinese, and North Korean use of mind control techniques on U.S. prisoners of war during the Korean War. Get InsideHook in your inbox. The Central Intelligence Agency, better known simply as the CIA, has inspired fear, suspicion, and curiosity ever since its official formation in 1947. According to Stephen Kinzer, the CIA project "was a continuation of the work begun in WWII-era Japanese facilities and Nazi concentration camps on subduing and controlling human minds". In light of news reports, an official inquiry was made into the events at My Lai and was concluded in March 1970. It has been claimed, though, that torture has been employed with the knowledge or acquiescence of US agencies (a transfer of anyone to anywhere for the purpose of torture is a violation of US law), although Condoleezza Rice (then the United States Secretary of State) stated that: the United States has not transported anyone, and will not transport anyone, to a country when we believe he will be tortured. [41], CIA documents suggest that they investigated "chemical, biological, and radiological" methods of mind control as part of MKUltra. Operation Paperclip's most famous recruit was rocket scientist Wernher von Braun, who would go on to mastermind NASA's Apollo moon missions. Lord George Robertson, British defence secretary and later NATO's secretary-general, would later explain that NATO members agree to provide "blanket overflight clearances for the United States and other allies' aircraft for military flights related to operations against terrorism. Holt said. The experiments continued even after Frank Olson, an army chemist who had never taken LSD, was covertly dosed by his CIA supervisor and nine days later plunged to his death from the window of a 13th-story New York City hotel room, supposedly as a result of deep depression induced by the drug. Arrival ceremony for Giulio Andreotti, President of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic, April 17, 1973. "[81], In a 2017 speech addressing CSIS, CIA Director Mike Pompeo referred to WikiLeaks as "a non-state hostile intelligence service often abetted by state actors like Russia". In the summer of 1975, congressional Church Committee reports and the presidential Rockefeller Commission report revealed to the public for the first time that the CIA and the Department of Defense had conducted experiments on both unwitting and cognizant human subjects as part of an extensive program to find out how to influence and control human behavior through the use of psychoactive drugs such as LSD and mescaline and other chemical, biological, and psychological means. "[3] The CIA itself has responded to the claims made in Weiner's book, and has described it as "a 600-page op-ed piece masquerading as serious history. The MKSEARCH program was divided into two projects dubbed MKOFTEN and MKCHICKWIT. "In fiscal year 2010 alone, the Agency declassified and released over 1.1 million pages of documents.". The Nazi War Crimes and Japanese Imperial Government Records Interagency Working Group (IWG), in implementing the Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act and the Japanese Imperial Government Records Act, has taken the broadest view in identifying records that may be responsive to the Acts. One of the most well-known secret research programs is the Manhattan Project, which eventually produced the world's first atomic bombs. In 1987, the Supreme Court affirmed this defense in a 54 decision that dismissed Stanley's case: United States v. Acoustic Kitty was a CIA project launched by the Central Intelligence Agency Directorate of Science & Technology, which in the 1960s intended to use cats to spy on the Kremlin and Soviet embassies. [19] MKUltra's scope was broad, with activities carried out under the guise of research at more than 80 institutions aside from the military,[20] including colleges and universities, hospitals, prisons, and pharmaceutical companies. CORONA and the Intelligence Community The explosion created a mushroom cloud that stretched 40,000 feet (12,200 m), and the bomb's explosive power was equivalent to more than 15,000 tons of TNT. [23], During Bush's year in charge of the CIA, the U.S. national security apparatus actively supported Operation Condor operations and right-wing military dictatorships in Latin America. They maintain that Frank Olson was murdered because, especially in the aftermath of his LSD experience, he had become a security risk who might divulge state secrets associated with highly classified CIA programs, about many of which he had direct personal knowledge. Substances which increase the efficiency of mentation and perception. [3] When the cluster bombs reached 2,000 or 1,000 feet (600 or 300 m) the bomblets would drop via parachute, disseminating their vector. As part of a mass declassification of a number of secrets in 2012, the U.S. Air Force revealedthat its Aeronautical Systems Division had plans to produce aUFO-style aircraft back in the 1950s. [61] Representative Silvestre Reyes announced the probe will look into "whether there was any past decision or direction to withhold information from the committee". As Aeby later said, "It was there so I shot it.". Central Intelligence Agency front organizations, People killed in Central Intelligence Agency operations, International counter-terrorism activities of the CIA, Measurements of Earth Data for Environmental Analysis, Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare, United States and state-sponsored terrorism, United States Joint Publications Research Service, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Central_Intelligence_Agency_operations&oldid=711930997, This page was last edited on 25 March 2016, at 20:06. Avro Canada VZ-9AV Avrocar at the National Museum of the United States Air Force. Government. [28] The CIA wanted to use similar methods on their own captives, and was interested in manipulating foreign leaders with such techniques,[25] devising several schemes to drug Fidel Castro. "[13][14], The US program has also prompted several official investigations in Europe into alleged secret detentions and unlawful inter-state transfers involving Council of Europe member states. Throughout the experiment stages, test subjects werehypnotized and drugged. Detailed Assessment of the Gateway Process From cia.gov. [1] Around 330,000 uninfected mosquitoes were dropped from aircraft in E14 bombs and dispersed from the ground. The Corps released uninfected female mosquitoes into a cooperative residential area of Savannah, Georgia, and then estimated how many mosquitoes entered houses and bit people. Materials which will prevent or counteract the intoxicating effect of alcohol. All rights reserved. CORONA also had sister programs: ARGON for mapping imagery and LANYARD, a short-lived program designed for higher-quality imagery. Credit: National Archives Project 1794 Near the end of 2012, the US Air Force declassified a build-up of documents which included secret plans to build an aircraft which can be likened to a flying-saucer . Not declassified as yet, but the CIA documents for what Wikipedia quaintly calls the Indonesian mass killings of 1965-66 is going to be a wild . [33][118] The CIA insists that MKUltra-type experiments have been abandoned. [4] The E14 bomb and E23 bomb, which could be clustered into the E86 cluster bomb and E77 bomb, respectively. In the film, soldiers were selected to be part of a military program examining whether it was possible to affect the physical world with thought forms. [74][unreliable source? He was almost awarded thePresidential Medal of Freedom but was denied it because ofhis Nazi past. Substances which promote weakness or distortion of the eyesight or hearing faculties, preferably without permanent effects. [70] Their experiences and lawsuit were adapted in the 1998 television miniseries The Sleep Room. Chairman of the House Intelligence Committee Representative Silvestre Reyes announced that he is considering an investigation into alleged CIA violations of the National Security Act, which requires with limited exception that Congress be informed of covert activities. Several of these tests involved the administration of LSD to "unwitting subjects in social situations. (Keystone/Getty Images) By Will Levith U.S. psychologist Zarnoff Mednick teamed up with Danish professor Fini Schulsinger to study schizophrenia progression in Danish orphans. Giulio Andreotti, President of the Council of Ministers of the eyesight or hearing faculties, preferably without effects. Was made into the E86 cluster bomb and E77 bomb, respectively distortion of the well-known... 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